旋转机械无线监测中的多普勒效应

由于应用无线通信技术对旋转机械进行状态监测时,无线设备安装在转轴上随轴高速旋转,无线设备之间的相对位置发生变化,因此会产生多普勒效应,影响无线通信。针对这一问题,首先,提出了两种无线设备安装方式;然后,建立了旋转运动中无线设备的多普勒频移理论模型,并分析了影响无线通信的因素;最后,对水润滑轴承水膜压力进行无线监测试验,引入误码率和丢包率研究了其与轴转速之间的关系,并对多普勒频移理论模型进行验证。理论与试验分析结果表明:多普勒频移与无线设备摆动圆直径、轴转速以及电磁波入射角密切相关,尤以转速影响为甚;在433 MHz通信频率下,无线监测方法不能很好地用于转速接近或超过10kr/min的旋转机械;转速对丢包率的影响大于误码率,丢包率为误码率的2~3倍。     

Glowworm swarm optimization algorithm with topsis for solving multiple objective environmental economic dispatch problem

A new glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) algorithm is proposed to find the optimal solution for multiple objective environmental economic dispatch (MOEED) problem. In this proposed approach, technique for order preference similar to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) is employed as an overall fitness ranking tool to evaluate the multiple objectives simultaneously. In addition, a time varying step size is incorporated in the GSO algorithm to get better performance. Finally, to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed combination of GSO algorithm with TOPSIS (GSO–T) approach is examined in four different test cases. Simulation results have revealed the capabilities of the proposed GSO–T approach to find the optimal solution for MOEED problem. The comparison with own coded weighted sum method incorporated GSO (WGSO) and other methods reported in literatures exhibit the superiority of the proposed GSO–T approach and also the results confirm the potential of the proposed GSO–T approach to solve the MOEED problem.     

A cross‐cultural comparison of colour emotion for two‐colour combinations

Psychophysical experiments were conducted in the UK, Taiwan, France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, Argentina, and Iran to assess colour emotion for two‐colour combinations using semantic scales warm/cool, heavy/light, active/passive, and like/dislike. A total of 223 observers participated, each presented with 190 colour pairs as the stimuli, shown individually on a cathode ray tube display. The results show consistent responses across cultures only for warm/cool, heavy/light, and active/passive. The like/dislike scale, however, showed some differences between the observer groups, in particular between the Argentinian responses and those obtained from the other observers. Factor analysis reveals that the Argentinian observers preferred passive colour pairs to active ones more than the other observers. In addition to the cultural difference in like/dislike, the experimental results show some effects of gender, professional background (design vs. nondesign), and age. Female observers were found to prefer colour pairs with high‐lightness or low‐chroma values more than their male counterparts. Observers with a design background liked low‐chroma colour pairs or those containing colours of similar hue more than nondesign observers. Older observers liked colour pairs with high‐lightness or high‐chroma values more than young observers did. Based on the findings, a two‐level theory of colour emotion is proposed, in which warm/cool, heavy/light, and active/passive are identified as the reactive‐level responses and like/dislike the reflective‐level response. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012     

A preliminary study of monosaccharide composition and α‐glucosidase inhibitory effect of polysaccharides from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) fruit

In this work, crude polysaccharide extracts were extracted from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) fruit by hot water. After removal of proteins and purification, polysaccharides of pumpkin fruit (PP1‐1) were subjected to structural identification. Gas chromatography analysis indicated that PP1‐1 comprised of galactose (86.4%), and glucose (13.6%). The molecular weight of PP1‐1 was measured to be 0.87 × 10⁴ Da by gel permeation chromatography. The inhibitory kinetic evaluation showed that it was non‐competitive inhibition of PP1‐1 on the α‐glucosidase‐catalysed hydrolysis of PNPG. The Michaelis–Menten constant (K_m) was 0.106 m , and the inhibitory constants (K_i), 0.435 mg.     

沪港两地国际金融中心城市建筑综合体(IFC)比较研究

以沪港两地的国金中心为例.通过对二者的商业定位.空间布局及城市地位的调查比较研究,逐层深入探究其相似定位下的不同复合效应.并从侧面分析沪港两地的城市发展差距.     

Estimation of Mass Transfer Rates through Hydrophobic Pervaporation Membranes

Abstract

In pervaporation of dilute solutions (acids, esters, and ketones) through hydrophobic membranes, mass transfer coefficients increased with temperature in an Arrhenius-like manner. Activation energies and pre-exponential factors were estimated through empirical correlations, allowing estimation of mass transfer coefficients. The activation energy was a function of the heat of sorption and the elastic modulus of the membrane. For low molecular weight compounds, the heat of sorption was the more important of these two factors, whereas the membrane thickness (which influenced the elastic modulus) became more important for larger compounds. The compensation effect allowed pre-exponential factors to be estimated from the activation energies.     

Hypoglycemic effects of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) autolysates

Fat, alkaloid and polyphenol contents of two clones of cocoa (UIT1 and PBC 140) were removed and the remaining powder was autolyzed at pH 3.5 and 5.2. Based on the results, autolysates of UIT produced at pH 3.5 exhibited the highest ability to inhibit α-amylase activity. However, no α-glucosidase inhibition activity was observed under the conditions specified. Autolysates produced under pH 3.5 caused the highest amount of insulin secretion. In streptozotocin-diabetic rats, all cocoa autolysates significantly decreased blood glucose at 4 h. To assure that the results from the assays were not due to the polyphenols of cocoa autolysates qualitative and quantitative tests were applied. According to their results cocoa autolysates were found to be free from polyphenols. Analysis of amino acid composition revealed that cocoa autolysates were abundant in hydrophobic amino acids. It can be suggested that besides other compounds of cocoa, its peptides and amino acids could contribute to its health benefits.